France

In October 1894, the torn fragments of an unsigned memo containing military secrets were retrieved by a cleaning lady from the waste paper basket of Colonel Maximilien von Schwartzkoppen of the German embassy in Paris. When French intelligence discovered they harboured a spy in their midst, Captain Dreyfus, on slender evidence, was charged with selling military secrets to the Germans, found guilty of treason by unanimous verdict and sentenced to life imprisonment on the notorious Devil's Island.

Few women in history have inspired such contradictory reactions as Catherine de Medici. To her admirers, she was a brilliant stateswoman and a steadying force in an era of great religious conflict. To her enemies, she was something far darker: a scheming foreigner, an Italian serpent coiled at the heart of the French court. What almost everyone agreed on was that she was extraordinary.

Partant du constat que la France semble avoir aujourd'hui renoncé à assumer sa place dans le monde, à maîtriser ses finances publiques, à faire face aux défis économiques et géopolitiques du monde contemporain, à répondre aux tensions qui traversent sa société, etc. Thierry Breton se demande si le « renoncement » ne faisait finalement pas partie de nos vieux travers, de nos héritages historiques, de notre psychologie collective...

A new history of slavery and the French Revolution When the French revolutionaries passed the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen in 1789, they immediately faced a burning question: did that document's first article—"Men are born and remain free and equal in rights"—apply to the 800...

El silencio no es la simple ausencia de ruido. Hace posible la fortaleza interior donde los grandes escritores, pensadores, eruditos y creyentes se han recogido durante siglos. Requisito indispensable para la contemplación, la fantasía, la plegaria y la creación, el silencio es la íntima fuente de la que mana el lenguaje, e impregna nuestros espacios más privados y sagrados, del dormitorio a la catedral.