60. Joan of Arc: The teenager who changed history

Joan of Arc's extraordinary life unfolds in three captivating chapters. We explore her humble beginnings in a turbulent France, her divine calling and mission, and her remarkable leadership in battle, challenging gender and social norms along the way. The conversation delves into Joan of Arc's rise to power, her strategic leadership, and religious significance. It explores Charles' reluctance, Joan's intelligence, and the impact of class bias. The coronation, political influence, and myths surrounding Joan are also discussed. The conversation then covers why was Joan of Arc put to death, what Joan of Arc is famous for, religious persecution, and the misconceptions about her. Finally, it explores the religious trial, execution, and its aftermath.

Sources:

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Joan-of-Arc

https://www.historyhit.com/1412-joan-arc-born-france/

https://www.historyanswers.co.uk/history-of-war/8-joan-of-arc-myths-busted/

https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/joan-of-arc

https://www.biography.com/military-figures/joan-of-arc

Chapters

00:00 A Quiet Life in Turbulent Times

11:00 The Call to Destiny

18:49 Leading the Charge

26:08 Joan's Rise to Power

33:11 Trial and Religious Persecution

42:12 Religious Trial and Execution

We cover it all today wind, pottery, mischeief and pancakes! We learn about Barute's background and early life, how she ended up in Borneo, her connection with orangutans, challenges of outdoor living, and Barute's discoveries. The conversation delves into the behaviour and environment of orangutans, the challenges of caring for orphaned baby orangutans, the impact and legacy of conservation work, the threats to orangutans, and the power of curiosity and care in driving conservation efforts. It emphasizes the importance of consumer awareness and responsibility in conservation, as well as the role of individuals in continuing conservation efforts.

Sources

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/birute-

galdikas-orangutans-borneo-october-1975

https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/birut-mary-galdikas-knows-

orangutans

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2026/apr/09/birute-

galdikas-obituary

https://www.science.ca/scientists/scientistprofile.php?pID=7&pg

=3

https://archive.org/details/greatlivesfromhi0002unse_n5y6/page

/338/mode/2up?q=galdikas

https://orangutan.org

The book Reflections of Eden: my years with the orangutans of

Borneo by Birute G herself.

Chapters

• 00:00 Wind and Animal Mischief
• 05:49 Barute's Education and Mentorship
• 13:35 Barute's Interest in Orangutans
• 19:33 Barute's Discoveries
• 25:05 Impact and Legacy
• 31:50 Threats to Orangutans

Discover the inspiring story of Dorothy Mary Hodgkin, a pioneering scientist who revolutionized medicine with her groundbreaking work in crystallography. From childhood experiments to Nobel Prize-winning discoveries, learn how her perseverance and passion changed the world.

Keywords

Dorothy Hodgkin, crystallography, penicillin, insulin, Nobel Prize, science innovation, women in science, medical breakthroughs, protein structure, scientific discovery

Chapters

00:00 Introduction to Dorothy Hodgkin's Story

02:53 Childhood and Early Influences

06:00 Education and Early Scientific Pursuits

08:58 Struggles and Triumphs in Academia

11:51 The Breakthrough in X-ray Crystallography

14:59 Advancements in Protein Crystallography

17:59 Recognition and Contributions to Science

26:43 The Discovery of Penicillin

35:09 The Significance of Vitamin B12

39:37 Mapping the Structure of Insulin

46:00 Legacy and Impact of Dorothy Hodgkin

Sources

https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m00094kn

https://www.chemistryworld.com/features/dorothy-hodgkin-cracking-crystal-codes/3004555.article

https://royalsociety.org/video/the-exceptional-life-of-dorothy-crowfoot-hodgkin-PraybTdD_9I

https://blog.sciencemuseum.org.uk/celebrating-dorothy-hodgkin-britains-first-female-winner-of-a-nobel-science-prize/

https://www.manlitphil.ac.uk/past-members/dame-dorothy-crowfoot-hodgkin/

https://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/vitb12/b12.htm

https://www.britannica.com/science/mineralogy

https://royalsociety.org/about-us/who-we-are/diversity-inclusion/case-studies/scientists-with-disabilities/dorothy-hodgkin/#:~:text=Dorothy%20Hodgkin%20was%20awarded%20the,%2C%20using%20X%2Dray%20crystallography.

https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/48/3/303/157906/Dorothy-Crowfoot-Hodgkin-1910-1994-X-ray

https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1964/hodgkin/biographical/

https://oumnh.ox.ac.uk/learn-dorothy-crowfoot-hodgkin